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Cut the Nextcloud role back to what it actually needs

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The role had grown machinery that the problem does not require. Removed:

- The init-sync lock pre-create. It guarded against one file in the webroot being
  owned by a subuid, which is cosmetic: the file is 0644, so it is readable and
  removable by host-side tools either way.
- The image ID read/pull pair. No other service playbook pulls an image, and the
  update path is two commands the readme now spells out.
- redis-session.ini.j2 and its three variables. The mount is load-bearing -- the
  entrypoint cannot write into the image's conf.d and dies trying -- but the
  template is not: the entrypoint writes that file itself on every start. One
  touched empty file and one Volume line replace the template and the variables.
- The config.php stat, the wizard note, the maintenance-mode wait, the occ status
  report, the getent checks, the timer report. The installed/not-installed
  branching existed only because the readiness gates were written for an installed
  instance; with a gate that fits both, none of the branching is needed.
- Comments that narrated this play's earlier runs rather than the system.

What is left is four tasks before the start, a start-plus-gate block whose rescue
collects the journal, and four tasks for the background-job timer: 149 lines and
about 130 of them code, against 313 before. The readme loses its migration-era
bulk for the same reason and is 297 lines, in line with the other services'.

The one gate is now Nextcloud's own status.php inside the container. It answers
only once the entrypoint has finished -- including any `occ upgrade`, which runs
before Apache starts, so an update in progress is waited out rather than missed --
it reports `installed` either way, so a fresh webroot and an installed instance go
through the same check, and it carries `maintenance` as well, which is the one
state a probe would otherwise call healthy while every page returned 503.
This commit is contained in:
tanshu committed 2026-10-16 15:18:55 +05:30
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commit 05452127ec
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nextcloud/playbook.yml
+13 -27
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@@ -1,35 +1,21 @@
--- ---
# Nextcloud as a rootless Podman Quadlet unit, behind the shared Caddy unit # Nextcloud as a rootless Podman Quadlet unit, behind the shared Caddy, with its
# (caddy/playbook.yml), with its database in the shared Postgres unit # database in the shared Postgres and its cache in the shared Valkey. Each of
# (postgres/playbook.yml) and its cache in the shared Valkey unit # those is its own playbook and has to have been run first: caddy, postgres,
# (valkey/playbook.yml). # valkey, then this.
# #
# Standalone and idempotent: the first run on a host creates the container and # Idempotent and standalone: the first run creates and starts the container (a
# leaves a fresh instance ready for its setup wizard, and every run after that # fresh webroot then serves the setup wizard), and later runs converge it —
# converges the unit, the environment and the image — Quadlet recreates the # Quadlet recreates the container when the unit or its environment changes.
# container when any of them change. Nothing here depends on where the instance
# came from; only `hosts` is host-specific.
# #
# Connects as the container user and runs everything as that user: the Quadlet # Runs as the connection user with no become: the units belong to that user, so
# units belong to it, so the connection's PAM session is what makes # the SSH session's own PAM session is what makes `systemctl --user` work.
# `systemctl --user` work without any environment juggling. # gather_facts is required — podman_user and the home directory come from the
#
# gather_facts is required: podman_user and the home directory come from the
# user_id / user_dir facts. # user_id / user_dir facts.
# #
# The rootless-Podman prerequisites (installing podman, enabling lingering, the # The rootless-Podman prerequisites (podman, lingering, the low-port sysctl, the
# low-port sysctl, creating the Quadlet directory) are deliberately NOT applied # Quadlet directory) are not applied here; they are the shared task file at
# here. They are the shared task file at caddy/roles/podman/tasks/main.yaml, and # caddy/roles/podman, and a host that has run caddy/playbook.yml has them.
# a host that has already run caddy/playbook.yml has them:
#
# - name: Rootless Podman prerequisites
# ansible.builtin.include_tasks: "{{ playbook_dir }}/../caddy/roles/podman/tasks/main.yaml"
#
# The three shared services it attaches to have to exist first, in this order:
# caddy, postgres, valkey.
#
# The variables this play needs are duplicated at the top of vars/default.yml, so
# it stands on its own.
# #
# Run with: ansible-playbook -u tanshu nextcloud/playbook.yml # Run with: ansible-playbook -u tanshu nextcloud/playbook.yml
- name: Deploy Nextcloud as a rootless Podman Quadlet - name: Deploy Nextcloud as a rootless Podman Quadlet
nextcloud/readme.md
+151 -386
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@@ -9,36 +9,24 @@ Standalone and idempotent, and host-agnostic apart from `hosts:` in
[playbook.yml](playbook.yml) and `host` in [vars/default.yml](vars/default.yml): [playbook.yml](playbook.yml) and `host` in [vars/default.yml](vars/default.yml):
- **First run** creates the webroot, the environment file, the unit and the - **First run** creates the webroot, the environment file, the unit and the
background-job timer, starts the container, and leaves a fresh instance ready background-job timer, creates the database if the cluster does not have it, and
for its [setup wizard](#first-run) — or installs it unattended, if you set the starts the container. A fresh webroot then serves the setup wizard — or installs
two optional credentials first. itself unattended, if you set the two optional credentials first.
- **Every run after that** converges the same things, and Quadlet recreates the - **Every run after that** converges the same things. Quadlet recreates the
container when the unit, the environment or the image changed. There is no container when the unit or the environment changes, so there is no update step
update step to remember and nothing to copy in by hand. to remember.
Nextcloud is the one service here whose webroot is *also* its code directory: the
image's `VOLUME`, `config/config.php`, `data/`, `custom_apps/` and every PHP file
live under one mount. That single fact drives the ownership story and the backup
guidance below — see [What is state, and what is not](#what-is-state-and-what-is-not).
## Deploy order ## Deploy order
Three shared services have to exist on the host first, each of them standalone: Three shared services have to exist first, each standalone:
1. [caddy/playbook.yml](../caddy/playbook.yml) — the reverse proxy, which owns the 1. [caddy/playbook.yml](../caddy/playbook.yml) — the reverse proxy. It owns the
Caddyfile this site appends to, supplies the `caddy.service` handlers, and is Caddyfile this site appends to, supplies the `caddy.service` handlers, and is
the one play that applies the rootless-Podman prerequisites. the one play that applies the rootless-Podman prerequisites.
2. [postgres/playbook.yml](../postgres/playbook.yml) — the cluster. **This play 2. [postgres/playbook.yml](../postgres/playbook.yml) — the cluster. This playbook
attaches to it and creates its own `nextcloud` database in it**, so the cluster attaches to it and creates its own `nextcloud` database in it, so the cluster
can be brand new and empty. can be brand new and empty.
3. [valkey/playbook.yml](../valkey/playbook.yml) — the cache. It has to exist 3. [valkey/playbook.yml](../valkey/playbook.yml) — the cache.
before this playbook runs: the attach include only writes drop-ins next to
`valkey.container`, so a `Restart Valkey` handler against an undeployed unit
fails.
Then this playbook. `config.php` connects to the hosts `db` and `redis`; until it
has attached `nextcloud_net` to Postgres and to Valkey, neither name resolves on
that network, so running this playbook is what makes the app reachable.
## Layout ## Layout
@@ -49,31 +37,24 @@ nextcloud/
└── roles/ └── roles/
├── postgres/ # the database, and this app's network on the cluster ├── postgres/ # the database, and this app's network on the cluster
├── valkey/ # this app's network on the cache ├── valkey/ # this app's network on the cache
├── nextcloud/ # webroot, env file, Quadlet unit, session config, ├── nextcloud/ # webroot, env file, unit, session config, cron timer
│ # background-job timer, start + verify └── caddy/ # the site block in the shared Caddyfile
└── caddy/ # appends this site's block to the shared Caddyfile
``` ```
Quadlet units and state:
| On the host | What | | On the host | What |
|---|---| |---|---|
| `~/.config/containers/systemd/nextcloud.container` | the generated unit (Ansible-templated) | | `~/.config/containers/systemd/nextcloud.container` | the generated unit |
| `~/.config/containers/systemd/nextcloud.network` | the app network, written by `caddy/roles/register` | | `~/.config/containers/systemd/nextcloud.network` | the app network |
| `~/.config/containers/systemd/caddy.container.d/50-nextcloud.conf` | attaches Caddy to that network | | `~/.config/containers/systemd/*.container.d/50-nextcloud.conf` | attaches Caddy, Postgres and Valkey to it |
| `~/.config/containers/systemd/postgres.container.d/50-nextcloud.conf` | attaches Postgres to it | | `~/.config/containers/systemd/*.container.d/10-network-aliases.conf` | the shared `db` and `redis` aliases |
| `~/.config/containers/systemd/postgres.container.d/10-network-aliases.conf` | the shared `db` alias | | `~/.config/systemd/user/nextcloud-cron.{service,timer}` | the background-job timer |
| `~/.config/containers/systemd/valkey.container.d/50-nextcloud.conf` | attaches Valkey to it | | `~/podman-data/nextcloud/` | the whole `/var/www/html` |
| `~/.config/containers/systemd/valkey.container.d/10-network-aliases.conf` | the shared `redis` alias | | `~/podman-data/nextcloud/nextcloud.env` | `POSTGRES_*` + `REDIS_HOST`, mode `0600` |
| `~/.config/systemd/user/nextcloud-cron.{service,timer}` | the background-job timer (not Quadlet) | | `~/podman-data/nextcloud/redis-session.ini` | mounted into the image; see [below](#the-php-session-file) |
| `~/podman-data/nextcloud/` | the whole `/var/www/html`: code, `config/config.php`, `data/`, `custom_apps/` |
| `~/podman-data/nextcloud/nextcloud.env` | `POSTGRES_*` + `REDIS_HOST`, mode `0600`, read by systemd |
| `~/podman-data/nextcloud/php-conf.d/redis-session.ini` | PHP's session handler, mounted into the image |
| `~/podman-data/nextcloud/nextcloud-init-sync.lock` | the entrypoint's init lock, pre-created so it stays host-owned |
## What is state, and what is not ## What is state, and what is not
The webroot is about 1.2 GB on a working instance, and most of it is not worth The webroot is about 1.2 GB on a working instance and most of it is not worth
backing up: backing up:
| Path | Keep? | Why | | Path | Keep? | Why |
@@ -84,112 +65,44 @@ backing up:
| `themes/` | if themed | only exists when a theme was installed | | `themes/` | if themed | only exists when a theme was installed |
| `version.php`, `core/`, `lib/`, `apps/`, `3rdparty/`, `dist/` | regenerable | shipped by the image, rsynced into the webroot on start | | `version.php`, `core/`, `lib/`, `apps/`, `3rdparty/`, `dist/` | regenerable | shipped by the image, rsynced into the webroot on start |
The database is separate and is not in this directory at all. A backup that The database is separate. A backup that matters is `config/`, `data/`,
matters is `config/`, `data/`, `custom_apps/` **and** a `pg_dump` of the `custom_apps/` **and** a `pg_dump` of the `nextcloud` database taken together;
`nextcloud` database taken together — files without the database restore to an either half alone restores to an instance that does not know its own contents.
instance that does not know about its own contents, and the reverse is just as
useless. Nextcloud's own guidance is `occ maintenance:mode --on` around the pair;
the play waits for maintenance mode to clear on the next run, so a forgotten
`--on` is reported rather than silently 503ing.
## How it registers with Caddy ## How it wires itself up
Caddy is the base unit and knows nothing about its upstreams. This playbook calls **Caddy.** `caddy/roles/register` writes `nextcloud.network` and a drop-in that
the shared include in attaches Caddy to it. This runs in `pre_tasks`, because the unit references
[caddy/roles/register](../caddy/roles/register/tasks/main.yaml), which writes the `nextcloud.network` and Quadlet fails *unit generation* — `systemctl --user start`
network unit **and** the drop-in that pulls it into Caddy: then reports "unit not found" — when that file does not exist. The site block goes
into the shared Caddyfile with `blockinfile`, marker and all, so re-runs replace
it in place.
```yaml **Postgres.** `postgres/roles/attach` writes two drop-ins next to
- name: Register Nextcloud's network with Caddy `postgres.container`: `Network=nextcloud.network` and the shared `NetworkAlias=db`.
ansible.builtin.include_tasks: "{{ playbook_dir }}/../caddy/roles/register/tasks/main.yaml" `roles/postgres` wraps it to define the `Restart Postgres` handler, to flush
``` handlers afterwards (a new drop-in means Postgres must be *recreated* to join the
network, and that restart would otherwise happen after the app started), and to
create the `nextcloud` database if it is missing. A new drop-in is a few seconds
of downtime for every attached app; see
[postgres/readme.md](../postgres/readme.md).
It runs in `pre_tasks`, **before** the app unit is started, because **Valkey.** The same, via
`nextcloud.container` references `nextcloud.network`: Quadlet fails *unit [valkey/roles/attach](../valkey/roles/attach/tasks/main.yaml), with
generation* — so `systemctl --user start` reports "unit not found" — when a `NetworkAlias=redis`. `redis` is not a name this playbook chose: `REDIS_HOST` is
referenced `.network` file does not exist yet. Both attaches below depend on it what the image writes PHP's session config from, and Redis is where the setup
for the same reason. wizard puts `memcache.locking`. An unresolvable `redis` therefore breaks uploads
at write time rather than at startup, which is why the attach is flushed before
`network_name` is `nextcloud`, so the *file* is `nextcloud.network` and the the app starts as well. The recreate costs a few seconds of cache availability;
*Podman network* is `nextcloud_net`. the keys survive it (see [valkey/readme.md](../valkey/readme.md)).
The site block is appended to the shared Caddyfile by
[roles/caddy](roles/caddy/tasks/main.yaml) with `blockinfile`, exactly as the
other services do — plus the HSTS header Nextcloud asks for. There is no
request-body limit to set: Caddy streams request bodies and imposes none by
default.
## How it attaches to Postgres
Postgres knows nothing about its clients, and this playbook uses the shared
include in [postgres/roles/attach](../postgres/roles/attach/tasks/main.yaml)
rather than writing the drop-ins itself. That writes two files, both mergeable
into `postgres.container` by Quadlet:
| File | Content |
|---|---|
| `postgres.container.d/50-nextcloud.conf` | `Network=nextcloud.network` |
| `postgres.container.d/10-network-aliases.conf` | `NetworkAlias=db` |
`db` is the alias `config.php` connects to; the `postgres` container name resolves
too, and the play checks both.
[roles/postgres](roles/postgres/tasks/main.yaml) wraps that include for three
reasons:
- it defines the `Restart Postgres` handler the include notifies;
- it **flushes handlers** immediately afterwards. On a first attach the drop-in is
new, so Postgres has to be *recreated* to join `nextcloud_net` — and that restart
is a handler, which by default runs at the end of the play, after the `nextcloud`
role has already started the app. The app would then come up before `db`
resolves, fail its readiness check, and fail the play on a machine where nothing
is wrong. The flush also fires the `Restart Caddy` queued by the register
pre_task, which is what attaches Caddy to the network. On later runs nothing is
pending and it is a no-op;
- it **creates the `nextcloud` database** if the cluster does not have it yet.
Postgres is a shared unit that ships one default database, and nothing else in
this repo knows what this app's database is called, so without that task a
first run on a fresh host would reach the setup wizard only to fail on
"database nextcloud does not exist". It is a `createdb` guarded by a lookup, so
it is a no-op on every run after the first.
Note the cost stated in [postgres/readme.md](../postgres/readme.md): a new drop-in
recreates Postgres, which is a few seconds of downtime for **every** attached app,
not just this one.
## How it attaches to Valkey
The same idea at the cache end, via
[valkey/roles/attach](../valkey/roles/attach/tasks/main.yaml):
| File | Content |
|---|---|
| `valkey.container.d/50-nextcloud.conf` | `Network=nextcloud.network` |
| `valkey.container.d/10-network-aliases.conf` | `NetworkAlias=redis` |
`redis` is not a name this playbook chose: the image writes the Redis host into
`config.php` and into PHP's session config from `REDIS_HOST`, which is `redis`
here. Renaming it would mean editing a live instance's configuration for nothing.
It is also **not optional**. Go through the setup wizard and Nextcloud puts
`memcache.locking` on Redis; the image's own install does too when the unattended
credentials are set. An unresolvable `redis` therefore does not merely make things
slower — uploads fail, and they fail at write time rather than at startup. That is
why `roles/valkey` flushes handlers before the app starts (the same reason as
Postgres) and why `REDIS_HOST` is in the environment file at all.
The cost of the attach is a recreate of Valkey: no keys are lost (RDB persistence
is on by default, the stop is graceful, and the new container loads the snapshot
back off the bind mount), but for the seconds it is down, PHP sessions and
`memcache.locking` are unreachable. See [valkey/readme.md](../valkey/readme.md),
"The trade-off".
## Background jobs ## Background jobs
Nextcloud expects `cron.php` every five minutes. It cannot be a crontab entry: Nextcloud expects `cron.php` every five minutes. **It cannot be a crontab entry:**
root cannot `podman exec` into another user's rootless containers, and there is no root cannot `podman exec` into another user's rootless containers, and a container
container user to own a crontab. The role installs a **systemd user** pair next to has no crontab of its own. A root crontab would fail; a *user* crontab would need
the Quadlet units instead: `XDG_RUNTIME_DIR` faked into every line and a cron daemon present. The role
installs a systemd user pair instead, next to the Quadlet units:
| Unit | What it does | | Unit | What it does |
|---|---| |---|---|
@@ -197,326 +110,181 @@ the Quadlet units instead:
| `~/.config/systemd/user/nextcloud-cron.timer` | `OnCalendar=*:0/5`, `Persistent=true` | | `~/.config/systemd/user/nextcloud-cron.timer` | `OnCalendar=*:0/5`, `Persistent=true` |
Unlike the Quadlet units these are plain units, so they really are `enable`d — Unlike the Quadlet units these are plain units, so they really are `enable`d —
that is what brings the timer back after a reboot. `journalctl --user -u that is what brings the timer back after a reboot — and
nextcloud-cron` shows every run and every failure. `journalctl --user -u nextcloud-cron` shows every run.
The background-job *mode* is left alone. Both this timer and AJAX polling run
jobs, and job locking keeps them from colliding; switching AJAX off is
`occ background:cron`, a deliberate change rather than something this play
imposes.
## Settings ## Settings
| Variable | Value / purpose | | Variable | Value / purpose |
|---|---| |---|---|
| `podman_user` | **Derived** from the connection (`ansible_facts['user_id']`), not set by hand | | `podman_user` | **Derived** from the connection (`ansible_facts['user_id']`) |
| `podman_data_dir` | `~/podman-data` | | `podman_data_dir` / `quadlet_dir` | `~/podman-data`, `~/.config/containers/systemd` |
| `quadlet_dir` | `~/.config/containers/systemd` | | `host` | `cloud.hopsngrains.com` — what Caddy serves, and the trusted domain for an unattended install |
| `host` | `cloud.hopsngrains.com` — the hostname Caddy serves, and the trusted domain for an unattended install | | `container_name` | `nextcloud`, and the unit / container name |
| `container_name` | `nextcloud`, and the Quadlet unit / container name | | `image` | `docker.io/library/nextcloud:latest`, fully qualified on purpose |
| `image` | `docker.io/library/nextcloud:latest` — fully qualified on purpose |
| `network_name` | `nextcloud` → `nextcloud.network` / `nextcloud_net` | | `network_name` | `nextcloud` → `nextcloud.network` / `nextcloud_net` |
| `host_directory` / `webroot` | `~/podman-data/nextcloud` → `/var/www/html` | | `host_directory` / `webroot` | `~/podman-data/nextcloud` → `/var/www/html` |
| `app_uid` / `app_gid` | `33` — `www-data`, the uid the webroot is owned by | | `app_uid` / `app_gid` | `33` — `www-data`, the uid the webroot is owned by |
| `container_port` | `80`, the port inside the container that Caddy proxies to | | `container_port` | `80`, what Caddy proxies to |
| `env_file` | `~/podman-data/nextcloud/nextcloud.env`, mode `0600` | | `env_file` | `~/podman-data/nextcloud/nextcloud.env`, mode `0600` |
| `php_conf_dir` / `php_session_ini` | PHP's session config on the host, and the path in the image it is mounted over | | `pg_*` / `db_host` | The database, its credentials, and the `db` alias |
| `postgres_container` / `postgres_unit` | The shared database unit this app attaches to | | `valkey_container` / `redis_host` | The cache unit, and the `redis` alias |
| `pg_user` / `pg_password` / `pg_database` | Credentials, and the database the play creates and the app uses — `nextcloud` |
| `db_host` | `db` — the alias `config.php` connects to |
| `valkey_container` / `valkey_unit` | The shared cache unit this app attaches to |
| `redis_host` | `redis` — the alias `config.php` and PHP sessions connect to |
| `nextcloud_admin_user` / `nextcloud_admin_password` | Empty by default; set both to install unattended | | `nextcloud_admin_user` / `nextcloud_admin_password` | Empty by default; set both to install unattended |
| `cron_unit` / `cron_schedule` / `user_unit_dir` | The background-job timer | | `cron_*` / `user_unit_dir` | The background-job timer |
| `caddy_name` / `caddyfile_path` | The shared Caddy unit and its Caddyfile | | `caddy_*` | The shared Caddy unit and its Caddyfile |
The three `podman_*` / `quadlet_dir` vars are **duplicated** from The three `podman_*` / `quadlet_dir` vars are duplicated from
[caddy/vars/default.yml](../caddy/vars/default.yml), as in every service [caddy/vars/default.yml](../caddy/vars/default.yml) because a play cannot include
playbook. That is a deliberate trade: a play cannot include the Caddy vars file that file wholesale — it also sets `host_directory`. Keep them in sync. Like
wholesale, because it also sets `host_directory` (to the *Caddy* data directory) Caddy, the play carries no `become`, so there is no guard against connecting as
and every service defines that for itself. Keep them in sync. Caddy's fourth, `root`; that check lives in `caddy/playbook.yml`.
`podman_unprivileged_port_start`, belongs to the podman tasks this play does not
run — Nextcloud publishes nothing host-side.
Like Caddy, `podman_user` is derived from the connection and the play carries no
`become`. Because the podman tasks are not run here, there is **no guard against
connecting as `root`**; the prerequisites, including that check, live in
`caddy/playbook.yml`.
`UserNS=keep-id:uid=33,gid=33`. `33` is `www-data`, the uid the webroot is owned `UserNS=keep-id:uid=33,gid=33`. `33` is `www-data`, the uid the webroot is owned
by: the entrypoint rsyncs the code in with `--chown www-data:www-data` and Apache by: the entrypoint rsyncs the code in as that uid and Apache runs its workers as
runs its workers as that account. `keep-id` maps that one uid onto the connection it. `keep-id` maps that one uid onto the connection user, so the webroot stays
user, so the whole webroot stays owned by `tanshu` and plain `tar` and `rm -rf` owned by `tanshu` and plain `tar` and `rm -rf` keep working on it.
keep working on it.
Two paths the entrypoint writes fall outside that arrangement, and both are
handled explicitly rather than left to chance — each is somewhere a naive
deployment ends up with a file owned by a `165536+` subuid, or with no running
container at all:
- **`/var/www/html/nextcloud-init-sync.lock`**, which the entrypoint creates with
a root-owned shell redirect. The role **pre-creates it** as `podman_user`: the
redirect truncates the file rather than recreating it, so its owner never
changes afterwards.
- **`/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/redis-session.ini`**, in the image, which is not
writable at all. It has its own section below.
`POSTGRES_PASSWORD` is committed in plaintext, like the other playbooks' shared `POSTGRES_PASSWORD` is committed in plaintext, like the other playbooks' shared
`123456`. It lives in `nextcloud.env` at mode `0600` rather than in the `123456`. It lives in `nextcloud.env` at mode `0600` rather than in the
world-readable unit file; a real secret store is the next step, and it is a world-readable unit file.
one-file change here plus the `pg_password` vars in the app playbooks.
## The PHP session file ## The PHP session file
The webroot is not the only thing the entrypoint writes. With `REDIS_HOST` set — The entrypoint generates PHP's session config on every start, with a redirect:
and it is, because PHP sessions should survive a redeploy — the entrypoint
generates that session configuration on **every** start:
```sh ```sh
/entrypoint.sh:121 /entrypoint.sh:121
} > /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/redis-session.ini } > /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/redis-session.ini
``` ```
That directory belongs to the image's root, created by the php base image with no That directory belongs to the image's root — the php base image creates it with
`chown`: `mkdir -p "$PHP_INI_DIR/conf.d"` and never chowns it — so the write is refused,
the entrypoint exits `2` before Apache is reached, `Restart=always` retries it,
```dockerfile systemd hits its start limit, and the unit ends up **`failed`** with the only
RUN set -eux; \ explanation in the journal:
mkdir -p "$PHP_INI_DIR/conf.d"; \
...
```
so the uid this container runs as has no write bit on it, and the redirect fails:
``` ```
cannot create /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/redis-session.ini: Permission denied cannot create /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/redis-session.ini: Permission denied
``` ```
The entrypoint exits `2` before Apache is ever reached, `Restart=always` retries The role creates `~/podman-data/nextcloud/redis-session.ini` and the unit binds it
it, systemd hits its start limit, and the unit ends up **`failed`** — with the over that exact path. A bind-mounted file replaces the directory entry, so the
whole thing looking like a network or database problem, because that message only directory's ownership stops mattering and the write lands on a file owned by
appears in the journal. `podman_user`. Apache's own runtime directories need none of this — the same base
image chowns `/var/run/apache2`, `/var/lock/apache2` and `/var/log/apache2` to
`www-data` and chmods them `1777`.
The fix is a mount: `nextcloud.container` binds ## First run and updates
`~/podman-data/nextcloud/php-conf.d/redis-session.ini` over that exact path. A
bind-mounted file replaces the directory entry, so the directory's ownership stops
mattering and the write lands on a file owned by `podman_user`. The role also
templates the file with the five lines the entrypoint would have written, so a
start where the write is somehow refused still gets working Redis sessions instead
of a crash loop.
Apache's *own* runtime directories need none of this — the same base image chowns
`/var/run/apache2`, `/var/lock/apache2` and `/var/log/apache2` to `www-data` and
chmods them `1777`:
```dockerfile
for dir in "$APACHE_LOCK_DIR" "$APACHE_RUN_DIR" "$APACHE_LOG_DIR" \
"$APACHE_RUN_DIR/socks"; do
rm -rvf "$dir"; mkdir -p "$dir"; \
chown "$APACHE_RUN_USER:$APACHE_RUN_GROUP" "$dir"; \
chmod 1777 "$dir"; \
done
```
so the session file is the only write that was ever going to fail.
## First run
```command ```command
ansible-playbook -u tanshu nextcloud/playbook.yml ansible-playbook -u tanshu nextcloud/playbook.yml
``` ```
The play targets `emily` directly, so the inventory must contain it — the one in A fresh webroot is a valid state, and the play succeeds: the image initialises the
`prepare-server/` does, and its `ansible.cfg` names it. code, writes no `config.php` (it has no credentials to install with), and serves
the setup wizard. The readiness gate is Nextcloud's own `status.php` inside the
container — it answers only once the entrypoint has finished and Apache is up, and
it reports `installed` either way, so the same gate covers a wizard that has not
been completed yet and an instance that is being updated.
On a host with no webroot yet, this is what happens, in order: the webroot and the Three things about the wizard:
PHP session directory are created; the `0600` environment file, the session config
and the Quadlet unit are written; the unit is started; anything the run queued (a
new image, a changed unit or environment) is applied *before* verification; and
then the play waits for Apache to answer `status.php` inside the container.
At that point there is a running container and **no instance yet** — the image - **DNS first.** `host` must resolve here before Caddy can get a certificate, and
initialises the code, writes no `config.php` (it has no admin credentials to before the wizard is reachable at all.
install with), and serves the setup wizard. The play says so and succeeds: - **The database already exists** — `roles/postgres` created it, or verified it,
before the container started. Point the wizard at host `db`, database
``` `nextcloud`, user `postgres`, and the password in `nextcloud.env`.
The container is running, but no instance is installed in
/home/tanshu/podman-data/nextcloud yet. Open https://cloud.hopsngrains.com and
finish the setup wizard with the database credentials in .../nextcloud.env —
database nextcloud, user postgres, host db. ...
```
Three things to know about that wizard:
- **DNS first.** `host` must resolve to this host before Caddy can obtain a
certificate for it, and before the wizard is reachable at all.
- **The database already exists.** [roles/postgres](roles/postgres/tasks/main.yaml)
created it, or verified it, before the container started. Point the wizard at
host `db`, database `nextcloud`, user `postgres`, and the password in
`nextcloud.env`.
- **`trusted_domains`.** The wizard installs with `localhost` as the only trusted - **`trusted_domains`.** The wizard installs with `localhost` as the only trusted
domain unless you tell it otherwise, so opening the finished instance on `host` domain, so the finished instance can answer "Access through untrusted domain" on
can answer "Access through untrusted domain". Add it before or after: `host`. Fix it with
`podman exec -u www-data nextcloud php occ config:system:set trusted_domains 1 --value=cloud.hopsngrains.com`.
To skip the wizard, set `nextcloud_admin_user` and `nextcloud_admin_password`
before the first run. The entrypoint then runs `occ maintenance:install` itself and
sets `trusted_domains` from `host` in the same pass. Both are inert once
`config.php` exists.
**Updates** are a re-run: a changed unit or environment is re-templated and Quadlet
recreates the container. An image bump is two commands, because a `latest` tag
moving is not something the unit can see:
```bash ```bash
podman exec -u www-data nextcloud php occ config:system:set trusted_domains 1 --value=cloud.hopsngrains.com podman pull docker.io/library/nextcloud:latest && systemctl --user restart nextcloud
``` ```
To skip the wizard entirely, set `nextcloud_admin_user` and The entrypoint then compares `version.php` in the webroot against the image,
`nextcloud_admin_password` in [vars/default.yml](vars/default.yml) before the first rsyncs the new code in, and runs `occ upgrade` — **one major version at a time**,
run. The entrypoint then runs `occ maintenance:install` itself and sets so several majors behind means several runs through intermediate images. An image
`trusted_domains` from `host` in the same pass, and the play reports the installed *older* than the installed version makes the container exit with "downgrading is
version instead of the wizard note. Both variables are inert once `config.php` not supported". Take a database dump before a run that is going to upgrade.
exists, so they can stay set (or be removed) afterwards.
## Updates
Nothing special is required: re-run the playbook. What happens depends on what
changed.
| Changed | What the play does |
|---|---|
| The unit, the environment file or the session config | re-templates it, and Quadlet recreates the container |
| A new image behind the tag | pulls it, notices the ID changed, and recreates the container |
| Nothing | nothing — no restart, no churn |
The image is pulled on every run precisely because a Quadlet unit alone cannot see
a tag move: the unit names `nextcloud:latest`, `podman run` reuses whatever image
is local, and nothing fetches a newer one. The role reads the image ID either side
of the pull, so an unchanged tag reports no change and does not restart a running
site. A pull that fails (a host with no route to the registry) is reported and the
run continues with the local image.
**Version drift is the one irreversible step.** The entrypoint compares
`version.php` in the webroot against the image. A newer image rsyncs its code in
and runs `occ upgrade` before Apache answers — and it will only step **one major
version at a time**, so several majors behind means several runs with an
intermediate image. An image *older* than the installed version makes the
container exit with "downgrading is not supported". So: pin the tag if you want
no surprises, and take a database dump before a run that is going to upgrade.
`occ upgrade` sets maintenance mode for its duration, and the play **waits for it
to clear** rather than asserting it is off — so a long upgrade is tolerated, and an
instance left in maintenance mode (a backup that set `--on` and never finished) is
reported with the one-line command to clear it. That distinction matters because
`status.php` is exempt from maintenance mode: a site in that state looks healthy
to a probe while returning `503` to every real request.
## Verification ## Verification
```bash ```bash
systemctl --user status nextcloud systemctl --user status nextcloud
journalctl --user -u nextcloud -f journalctl --user -u nextcloud -f
podman logs nextcloud podman exec -u www-data nextcloud php occ status
podman exec nextcloud getent hosts db redis
# What the playbook checks for you:
podman exec -u www-data nextcloud php occ status # installed, version, maintenance
podman exec nextcloud getent hosts db # config.php's database host
podman exec nextcloud getent hosts redis # config.php's cache host
podman exec nextcloud getent hosts postgres valkey # the container names
# The background job, and that it is actually scheduled:
systemctl --user list-timers nextcloud-cron.timer systemctl --user list-timers nextcloud-cron.timer
systemctl --user start nextcloud-cron.service # run one by hand
journalctl --user -u nextcloud-cron -n 20
# The database this play created, and its size:
podman exec -e PGPASSWORD=123456 postgres psql -U postgres -l | grep nextcloud
# The site, end to end:
curl -sSI https://cloud.hopsngrains.com curl -sSI https://cloud.hopsngrains.com
``` ```
Then open it **in a browser** and do two things a `curl` cannot: log in, and Then open it in a browser, log in, and **upload a file**: that exercises the uid-33
**upload a file**. Uploading is the check that matters — it exercises the uid-33 mapping (a wrong `keep-id` shows up as a permissions error), the Redis file locking
mapping (a wrong `keep-id` shows up as a permissions error), the Redis file in `config.php`, and PHP sessions. Confirm the new file is owned by `tanshu`:
locking in `config.php`, and PHP sessions, which the image configures from
`REDIS_HOST`.
After the upload, confirm on the host that the new file is owned by `tanshu`:
```bash ```bash
find ~/podman-data/nextcloud/data -newermt "-10 minutes" -type f ! -user tanshu find ~/podman-data/nextcloud/data -newermt "-10 minutes" -type f ! -user tanshu
# empty = the write path lands on the right uid
``` ```
Then reboot the host and confirm both the container and the timer return Finally reboot and confirm the container and the timer come back unattended —
unattended — without `loginctl enable-linger tanshu` neither will, and the failure without `loginctl enable-linger tanshu` neither will, and the failure is silent.
is silent.
### Debugging a unit that will not start ### Debugging a unit that will not start
A unit that has hit systemd's start limit reports only a state, and `Restart=always` A unit that has hit systemd's start limit reports only a state, and `Restart=always`
means the interesting output is in the journal, not in `podman logs` (the container means the reason is in the journal rather than in `podman logs` (the container may
may already be gone — Quadlet passes `--rm`). The play collects all of this itself already be gone — Quadlet passes `--rm`). The play collects this itself when a
when a start fails; by hand: start fails; by hand:
```bash ```bash
systemctl --user status nextcloud.service --no-pager -l | head -25 systemctl --user status nextcloud.service --no-pager -l | head -25
systemctl --user cat nextcloud.service # what systemd is running
journalctl --user -u nextcloud.service --no-pager -n 60 journalctl --user -u nextcloud.service --no-pager -n 60
podman ps -a --filter name=nextcloud podman ps -a --filter name=nextcloud
podman logs --tail 40 nextcloud
``` ```
Read it in this order: `journalctl` is the one that matters: the entrypoint's own output is there. A
`failed` unit needs its start-limit counter cleared before it will try again:
1. **`journalctl`** — the entrypoint's own output. `cannot create ...: Permission
denied` for a path in `/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d` is the session-file problem
above; anything about `db`/`redis` is the network attach; `downgrading is not
supported` is version drift.
2. **`podman ps -a`** — a container left behind under this name makes `podman run`
refuse to start.
3. **`systemctl --user cat`** — the generated unit, if a drop-in or a `Network=`
is in question (the usual failure is a `.network` file that does not exist).
A `failed` unit needs its start-limit counter cleared before it will try again:
```bash ```bash
systemctl --user reset-failed nextcloud.service systemctl --user reset-failed nextcloud.service
systemctl --user start nextcloud.service
``` ```
## Notes and gotchas ## Notes and gotchas
- **`REDIS_HOST` makes the entrypoint write into the image, which it is not
allowed to do.** `/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d` belongs to the image's root, so the
crash is a `Permission denied` on `redis-session.ini`, the unit ends up `failed`
via systemd's start limit, and nothing about it looks like a permissions
problem. The unit mounts a host-owned file over that path; see
["The PHP session file"](#the-php-session-file).
- **`activating` is not a healthy state.** A crash-looping container spends its - **`activating` is not a healthy state.** A crash-looping container spends its
time `activating` between restarts, so the play's wait retries only while the time `activating` between restarts, so the play waits on `status.php` rather than
state can still change on its own and otherwise hands over to a rescue that has on `is-active`, and reports the journal on failure.
the logs. A bare `is-active` check would report either state as a failure with no - **The webroot holds the code**, which is the image's design and not this
explanation. playbook's: an image bump edits `~/podman-data/nextcloud`. It is also why the
- **A new drop-in restarts Postgres for everyone** (a few seconds without a table above calls `apps/`, `core/` and `lib/` regenerable.
database for every attached app), **registering restarts all of Caddy** (a brief - **`occ` must run as `www-data`** — it refuses any other user, and under
restart of every hosted site) and **attaching restarts Valkey** (seconds without `keep-id:uid=33` that is the user the host sees as `tanshu`.
sessions or locks, though the keys survive the graceful stop). See the - **A new drop-in restarts Postgres for everyone**, registering restarts all of
trade-offs in [postgres/readme.md](../postgres/readme.md), Caddy, and attaching restarts Valkey. See the trade-offs in
[caddy/readme.md](../caddy/readme.md) and [valkey/readme.md](../valkey/readme.md). [postgres/readme.md](../postgres/readme.md), [caddy/readme.md](../caddy/readme.md)
and [valkey/readme.md](../valkey/readme.md).
- **If the Caddyfile does not exist yet**, this playbook creates it containing only - **If the Caddyfile does not exist yet**, this playbook creates it containing only
the site block. That is a valid Caddyfile; the Caddy playbook's seeded the site block. That is valid; the Caddy playbook's global-options seed only
global-options block is then not added, because its seed only fires on a missing fires on a missing or empty file. Deploy Caddy first on a fresh host.
or zero-length file. Deploy Caddy first on a fresh host.
- **Client IPs.** Nextcloud uses the client address for brute-force protection and - **Client IPs.** Nextcloud uses the client address for brute-force protection and
for the `X-Forwarded-For` it logs, so the reverse proxy has to be trusted — see for the `X-Forwarded-For` it logs, so the proxy has to be trusted — see
[caddy/readme.md](../caddy/readme.md), "Client IPs", which also covers whether [caddy/readme.md](../caddy/readme.md), "Client IPs", including whether the
the original address survives the rootless port forward at all. original address survives the rootless port forward.
- **The webroot holds the code.** That is the image's design, not this playbook's: - **Backups are not this playbook's business.** Whatever dumps the database and
an image bump edits `~/podman-data/nextcloud`. It is also why `apps/`, `core/` archives the webroot has to run as a **systemd user timer** for the same reason
and `lib/` are listed as regenerable above — they are, but only from an image `cron.php` does, and should dump in place rather than through a helper container
that is the same version or newer. (`--link` does not exist in Podman):
- **`occ` must run as `www-data`.** It refuses to run as any other user, and under
`keep-id:uid=33` that is the same user the host sees as `tanshu`. Every
`podman exec` in this file therefore carries `-u www-data`; the plain form works
for `getent`, which does not care.
- **The backup scripts are not this playbook's business.** Whatever dumps the
database and archives the webroot has to run as a **systemd user timer** next to
the Quadlet units: root cannot `podman exec` into another user's rootless
containers. Dump in place rather than through a helper container — `--link` does
not exist in Podman:
```bash ```bash
podman exec -e PGPASSWORD="..." postgres pg_dump -U postgres nextcloud | bzip2 > nextcloud.sql.bz2 podman exec -e PGPASSWORD="..." postgres pg_dump -U postgres nextcloud | bzip2 > nextcloud.sql.bz2
@@ -524,9 +292,6 @@ systemctl --user start nextcloud.service
## Not done here ## Not done here
- Rotating the secrets that are committed in plaintext — `pg_password` is the - Rotating the secrets that are committed in plaintext.
fleet's shared `123456`, and it lives in `nextcloud.env` at mode `0600` rather - Pinning the image to a digest, so a `latest` bump is deliberate.
than in the world-readable unit file.
- Switching the background-job mode to `cron` (`occ background:cron`).
- Pinning the image to a digest, so that a `latest` bump is always deliberate.
- A backup timer for the webroot and the database. - A backup timer for the webroot and the database.
nextcloud/roles/nextcloud/tasks/main.yaml
+58 -253
View File
@@ -1,20 +1,16 @@
--- ---
# Nextcloud as a rootless Podman Quadlet unit. # Nextcloud as a rootless Podman Quadlet unit.
# #
# Two paths, and the same play serves both: # Everything runs as the connection user: the units belong to it, so
# `systemctl --user` works through the SSH session's own PAM session — no become,
# no XDG_RUNTIME_DIR juggling. Requires gather_facts (set in playbook.yml).
# #
# - a fresh webroot, where the image initialises itself and Apache serves the # A fresh webroot is a valid state. The image initialises the code and serves the
# setup wizard (or installs unattended, if the admin credentials below are # setup wizard, and this play succeeds. Set nextcloud_admin_user and
# set); and # nextcloud_admin_password in vars/default.yml to have it installed unattended
# - an existing one, where an instance is already installed and this run is an # instead.
# update.
#
# Nothing here is tied to a particular host, and nothing has to be copied in by
# hand. Everything runs as {{ podman_user }} — the connection user. No become, no
# XDG_RUNTIME_DIR: the SSH connection gave us a real PAM session, so systemd's
# user manager is reachable through the standard environment.
- name: Ensure the Nextcloud webroot directory exists - name: Ensure the webroot exists
ansible.builtin.file: ansible.builtin.file:
path: "{{ host_directory }}" path: "{{ host_directory }}"
state: directory state: directory
@@ -22,31 +18,25 @@
group: "{{ podman_user }}" group: "{{ podman_user }}"
mode: '0755' mode: '0755'
# The entrypoint takes an flock on this path using a root-owned shell redirect # The entrypoint generates PHP's session config with a redirect into
# (`) 9> /var/www/html/nextcloud-init-sync.lock`, in the nextcloud/docker # /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d, a directory the image creates as root and never
# entrypoint). Creating it here means it belongs to {{ podman_user }} and stays # chowns. That write is refused, the entrypoint exits 2, and the unit crash-loops
# that way: the redirect *truncates* the file, it does not recreate it, so its # into systemd's start limit. Bind-mounting a file over that path gives the write
# owner never changes. # somewhere it is allowed; the file has to exist first, or the mount lands as a
# # directory.
# Left to the container, the file would be created by the entrypoint's root phase - name: Create the file the entrypoint writes PHP's session config to
# — a subuid under keep-id — and would be the one thing in the webroot not owned ansible.builtin.file:
# by {{ podman_user }}. path: "{{ host_directory }}/redis-session.ini"
# state: touch
# `force: false` leaves an existing file completely alone, which is what makes
# this idempotent and what stops it failing on a file a previous run stranded as
# a subuid (a host user cannot chown a file it does not own).
- name: Pre-create the entrypoint's init lock file
ansible.builtin.copy:
dest: "{{ host_directory }}/nextcloud-init-sync.lock"
content: ""
force: false
owner: "{{ podman_user }}" owner: "{{ podman_user }}"
group: "{{ podman_user }}" group: "{{ podman_user }}"
mode: '0644' mode: '0644'
access_time: preserve
modification_time: preserve
# The app's database and cache coordinates are consumed by systemd # Read by the entrypoint, not by Ansible, so it has to exist before the unit
# (EnvironmentFile= in the Quadlet unit), not by Ansible, so this has to be # starts. Mode 0600: POSTGRES_PASSWORD is in it, and the unit file is
# written before the unit starts. Mode 0600: POSTGRES_PASSWORD is in it. # world-readable.
- name: Write the environment file - name: Write the environment file
ansible.builtin.template: ansible.builtin.template:
src: nextcloud.env.j2 src: nextcloud.env.j2
@@ -56,73 +46,7 @@
mode: '0600' mode: '0600'
notify: Restart Nextcloud notify: Restart Nextcloud
# An update in a Quadlet deployment is "pull, then recreate": the unit references - name: Install the Quadlet unit
# a tag, `podman run` reuses whatever image is local, and nothing fetches a newer
# `latest` on its own. The ID is read either side of the pull so an unchanged tag
# reports no change and does not restart a running site on every run of this play.
#
# The pull is allowed to fail: a host that already has the image and no route to a
# registry should still converge, and the start below reports the real problem if
# there is no image at all.
- name: Read the current image ID
ansible.builtin.command: >-
podman image inspect --format '{% raw %}{{ .Id }}{% endraw %}' {{ image }}
register: nextcloud_image_before
changed_when: false
failed_when: false
- name: Pull {{ image }}
ansible.builtin.command: "podman pull {{ image }}"
register: nextcloud_image_pull
changed_when: false
failed_when: false
- name: Warn if the image could not be pulled
ansible.builtin.debug:
msg: >-
Could not pull {{ image }} ({{ nextcloud_image_pull.stderr | default('') | trim }}).
Continuing with the image already on this host, if there is one.
when: nextcloud_image_pull.rc != 0
- name: Note whether the pull changed the image
ansible.builtin.command: >-
podman image inspect --format '{% raw %}{{ .Id }}{% endraw %}' {{ image }}
register: nextcloud_image_after
changed_when: >-
(nextcloud_image_before.stdout | default('')) | length > 0
and nextcloud_image_before.stdout != nextcloud_image_after.stdout
notify: Restart Nextcloud
# PHP's session-handler config, and the one path in the image the entrypoint has
# to write to. With REDIS_HOST set it generates this file on every start, in a
# directory the php base image creates as root with no chown:
#
# RUN mkdir -p "$PHP_INI_DIR/conf.d"
#
# The uid this container runs as therefore cannot create a file there, and the
# entrypoint exits before Apache is reached. Mounting a host-owned file over the
# path gives that write somewhere it is allowed to land — a bind-mounted file
# replaces the directory entry, so the directory's ownership stops mattering — and
# the template keeps the image's own content in it, so a refused write is not
# fatal either. See readme.md, "The PHP session file".
- name: Ensure the PHP session config directory exists
ansible.builtin.file:
path: "{{ php_conf_dir }}"
state: directory
owner: "{{ podman_user }}"
group: "{{ podman_user }}"
mode: '0755'
- name: Write the PHP session handler config
ansible.builtin.template:
src: redis-session.ini.j2
dest: "{{ php_session_ini }}"
owner: "{{ podman_user }}"
group: "{{ podman_user }}"
mode: '0644'
notify: Restart Nextcloud
- name: Install the Nextcloud Quadlet unit
ansible.builtin.template: ansible.builtin.template:
src: nextcloud.container.j2 src: nextcloud.container.j2
dest: "{{ quadlet_dir }}/{{ container_name }}.container" dest: "{{ quadlet_dir }}/{{ container_name }}.container"
@@ -133,7 +57,9 @@
- Reload systemd user units - Reload systemd user units
- Restart Nextcloud - Restart Nextcloud
- name: Start Nextcloud and wait for the unit to become active # Quadlet applies [Install] WantedBy= when it generates the unit, so a generated
# unit is never `systemctl enable`d.
- name: Start Nextcloud and wait for it to serve
block: block:
- name: Start Nextcloud - name: Start Nextcloud
ansible.builtin.systemd_service: ansible.builtin.systemd_service:
@@ -142,162 +68,52 @@
state: started state: started
daemon_reload: true daemon_reload: true
# Quadlet honours [Install] WantedBy= when it generates the unit, so # `systemctl start` returns while the unit is still `activating`, and a
# `systemctl --user enable` is neither needed nor possible on a generated # crash-looping container is `activating` most of the time as well, so
# unit. # is-active proves nothing. status.php is Nextcloud's own endpoint: it answers
# # only once the entrypoint has finished (including any `occ upgrade`) and
# This waits rather than checking once, because `systemctl start` returns # Apache is up, it reports `installed` either way — so one gate fits both a
# while the unit is still `activating` and `is-active` exits 3 for that state. # fresh webroot and an update — and `maintenance` is in it too, because a
# # maintenance-mode 503 on every page is otherwise invisible to a probe.
# `activating` is not evidence of a healthy start: a container that crash-loops - name: Wait for Nextcloud to serve status.php
# spends its time `activating` between `Restart=always` attempts. What this ansible.builtin.command: >-
# wait buys is a prompt, bounded stop — it retries only while the state can podman exec {{ container_name }} php -r
# still change on its own, and a terminal `failed` or `inactive` falls through '$b=@file_get_contents("http://127.0.0.1/status.php"); if ($b === false) exit(1);
# to the rescue below, which has the logs. $j=json_decode($b, true); if (!is_array($j) || !array_key_exists("installed", $j)) exit(1);
- name: Wait for the Nextcloud unit to become active exit(empty($j["maintenance"]) ? 0 : 1);'
ansible.builtin.command: "systemctl --user is-active {{ unit_name }}" register: nextcloud_serving
register: nextcloud_active until: nextcloud_serving.rc == 0
until: >-
nextcloud_active.stdout == 'active'
or nextcloud_active.stdout not in ['activating', 'reloading']
retries: 60 retries: 60
delay: 5 delay: 5
changed_when: false changed_when: false
failed_when: nextcloud_active.stdout != 'active'
rescue: rescue:
# systemd reports "control process exited with error code" and nothing else, # systemd reports "control process exited with error code" and nothing else.
# which is useless for the usual failures (an unattached network, an # The reason is in the entrypoint's own output.
# unreachable database, an unwritable webroot, a path in the image the - name: Collect diagnostics
# entrypoint cannot write). Pull the real reason out.
#
# `systemctl cat` settles what systemd thinks it is running, and `podman ps -a`
# catches a container left behind under this name by an interrupted run, which
# makes `podman run` refuse to start and leaves `podman logs` showing the old
# container and explaining nothing.
- name: Collect Nextcloud diagnostics
ansible.builtin.command: "{{ item }}" ansible.builtin.command: "{{ item }}"
loop: loop:
- "systemctl --user status {{ unit_name }} --no-pager -l" - "systemctl --user status {{ unit_name }} --no-pager -l"
- "systemctl --user cat {{ unit_name }}"
- "journalctl --user -u {{ unit_name }} --no-pager -n 60" - "journalctl --user -u {{ unit_name }} --no-pager -n 60"
- "podman ps -a --filter name={{ container_name }}"
- "podman logs --tail 60 {{ container_name }}" - "podman logs --tail 60 {{ container_name }}"
register: nextcloud_diag register: nextcloud_diag
changed_when: false changed_when: false
failed_when: false failed_when: false
- name: Show Nextcloud diagnostics - name: Show them
ansible.builtin.debug: ansible.builtin.debug:
msg: "{{ nextcloud_diag.results | map(attribute='stdout') | list }}" msg: "{{ nextcloud_diag.results | map(attribute='stdout') | list }}"
- name: Fail - name: Fail
ansible.builtin.fail: ansible.builtin.fail:
msg: >- msg: >-
Nextcloud did not come up — see the diagnostics above. If `podman ps -a` Nextcloud is not serving — see the diagnostics above. A "Permission
shows a container already using this name, it was left behind by an denied" under /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d, anything about `db` or `redis`,
interrupted run; clear it with: and "downgrading is not supported" each point somewhere different.
systemctl --user reset-failed {{ unit_name }} ;
systemctl --user stop {{ unit_name }} ; podman rm -f {{ container_name }}
# Apply anything queued above — a new image, a changed unit, a changed environment
# file — *before* verifying, so that the checks below describe what will keep
# running rather than what is about to be replaced. A restart here is picked up by
# the waits that follow.
- name: Apply queued changes before verifying
ansible.builtin.meta: flush_handlers
# The universal readiness gate, and the one thing `is-active` cannot tell us:
# Apache answering over loopback. status.php is Nextcloud's own endpoint and
# reports `installed` either way, so this passes for a setup wizard that has not
# been completed yet — which is the normal state after a first run.
#
# The probe runs inside the container with the image's own PHP, so it depends on
# nothing the play has to install.
- name: Wait for Apache to serve status.php
ansible.builtin.command: >-
podman exec {{ container_name }} php -r
'$b=@file_get_contents("http://127.0.0.1/status.php"); if ($b === false) exit(1);
$j=json_decode($b, true); exit(isset($j["installed"]) ? 0 : 1);'
register: nextcloud_http
until: nextcloud_http.rc == 0
retries: 60
delay: 5
changed_when: false
# config.php is what the installer writes, so its presence is what separates "an
# installed instance" from "the image has initialised a webroot for the wizard".
# Reading it beats parsing `occ status`, whose output carries a warning line on an
# uninstalled instance and whose exit code is not a reliable signal.
- name: Check whether an instance is installed
ansible.builtin.stat:
path: "{{ host_directory }}/config/config.php"
register: nextcloud_config
# An uninstalled instance is a successful run, not a failure: the container is up
# and serving the wizard, and this says what is left for a human (or for the two
# optional variables) to do.
- name: Note that the setup wizard still has to be finished
ansible.builtin.debug:
msg: >-
The container is running, but no instance is installed in
{{ host_directory }} yet. Open https://{{ host }} and finish the setup
wizard with the database credentials in {{ env_file }} — database
{{ pg_database }}, user {{ pg_user }}, host {{ db_host }}. To install
unattended instead, set nextcloud_admin_user and nextcloud_admin_password
in vars/default.yml and run this play again.
when: not nextcloud_config.stat.exists
# The update path. `occ upgrade` sets maintenance mode for the length of a
# database upgrade, which the entrypoint runs itself when the image is newer than
# the installed version — so this waits for it to clear rather than asserting it
# is off, and only asks once an instance exists.
- name: Wait for maintenance mode to be off
ansible.builtin.command: >-
podman exec -u www-data {{ container_name }}
php occ status --output=json
register: nextcloud_status
until: >-
nextcloud_status.rc == 0
and ('"maintenance":true' not in (nextcloud_status.stdout | replace(' ', '')))
retries: 120
delay: 5
changed_when: false
when: nextcloud_config.stat.exists
- name: Report the instance status
ansible.builtin.debug:
msg: "{{ nextcloud_status.stdout_lines | default(['(not installed yet)']) }}"
# The database and the cache arrive over the networks that roles/postgres and
# roles/valkey attached them to. Check the names the app actually asks for, plus
# the container names, because a wrong alias is the failure that looks like a
# broken app rather than a broken network.
- name: Confirm Nextcloud can resolve the database and the cache
ansible.builtin.command: >-
podman exec {{ container_name }} getent hosts {{ item }}
loop:
- "{{ db_host }}"
- "{{ postgres_container }}"
- "{{ redis_host }}"
- "{{ valkey_container }}"
register: nextcloud_lookup
changed_when: false
failed_when: false
- name: Report database and cache resolution
ansible.builtin.debug:
msg: >-
{{ item.item }} resolves as {{ item.stdout | default('(no answer)') }}
loop: "{{ nextcloud_lookup.results }}"
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Background jobs
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Nextcloud expects cron.php every five minutes. It cannot be a crontab entry:
# root cannot `podman exec` into another user's rootless containers, and there is
# no container user to own a crontab. A systemd user timer next to the Quadlet
# units is the equivalent, and it is what comes back after a reboot.
# Nextcloud wants `cron.php` every five minutes, and it cannot be a crontab entry:
# root cannot `podman exec` into another user's rootless containers, and a
# container has no crontab of its own. A systemd user timer is the equivalent, and
# it comes back after a reboot with the rest of the stack.
- name: Ensure the systemd user unit directory exists - name: Ensure the systemd user unit directory exists
ansible.builtin.file: ansible.builtin.file:
path: "{{ user_unit_dir }}" path: "{{ user_unit_dir }}"
@@ -306,7 +122,7 @@
group: "{{ podman_user }}" group: "{{ podman_user }}"
mode: '0755' mode: '0755'
- name: Install the Nextcloud background-job service - name: Install the background-job service
ansible.builtin.template: ansible.builtin.template:
src: nextcloud-cron.service.j2 src: nextcloud-cron.service.j2
dest: "{{ user_unit_dir }}/{{ cron_unit }}.service" dest: "{{ user_unit_dir }}/{{ cron_unit }}.service"
@@ -314,7 +130,7 @@
group: "{{ podman_user }}" group: "{{ podman_user }}"
mode: '0644' mode: '0644'
- name: Install the Nextcloud background-job timer - name: Install the background-job timer
ansible.builtin.template: ansible.builtin.template:
src: nextcloud-cron.timer.j2 src: nextcloud-cron.timer.j2
dest: "{{ user_unit_dir }}/{{ cron_unit }}.timer" dest: "{{ user_unit_dir }}/{{ cron_unit }}.timer"
@@ -322,23 +138,12 @@
group: "{{ podman_user }}" group: "{{ podman_user }}"
mode: '0644' mode: '0644'
# Unlike the Quadlet units, a plain .timer is not generated, so it does need # A plain .timer is not generated, so unlike the Quadlet units it does have to be
# enabling — and `enabled: true` is what brings it back after a reboot, the same # enabled — that is what brings it back after a reboot.
# way `[Install] WantedBy=default.target` does for the container units. - name: Enable and start the background-job timer
- name: Enable and start the Nextcloud background-job timer
ansible.builtin.systemd_service: ansible.builtin.systemd_service:
name: "{{ cron_unit }}.timer" name: "{{ cron_unit }}.timer"
scope: user scope: user
enabled: true enabled: true
state: started state: started
daemon_reload: true daemon_reload: true
- name: Report the background-job timer
ansible.builtin.command: "systemctl --user list-timers {{ cron_unit }}.timer --no-pager"
register: nextcloud_timer
changed_when: false
failed_when: false
- name: Show the background-job timer
ansible.builtin.debug:
msg: "{{ nextcloud_timer.stdout_lines | default(['(no output)']) }}"
nextcloud/roles/nextcloud/templates/nextcloud.container.j2
+18 -36
View File
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
# Nextcloud — rootless Podman Quadlet unit. # Nextcloud — rootless Podman Quadlet unit.
# Managed by Ansible (nextcloud/roles/nextcloud). Do not edit by hand. # Managed by Ansible (nextcloud/roles/nextcloud). Do not edit by hand.
# #
# This unit joins {{ network_name }}.network, which is created by # The unit joins {{ network_name }}.network, which caddy/roles/register creates and
# caddy/roles/register (the same include that attaches Caddy to it). The # attaches Caddy to. Postgres and Valkey are joined to it by their attach roles,
# postgres container is joined to that network by postgres/roles/attach and the # which is what makes the `db` and `redis` hosts in config.php resolve.
# valkey container by valkey/roles/attach, which is what makes config.php's `db`
# and `redis` hosts resolve.
[Unit] [Unit]
Description=Nextcloud Description=Nextcloud
@@ -17,48 +15,32 @@ Wants=network-online.target
ContainerName={{ container_name }} ContainerName={{ container_name }}
Image={{ image }} Image={{ image }}
# Map the container's www-data account (uid {{ app_uid }}) onto {{ podman_user }} # Maps the container's www-data (uid {{ app_uid }}) onto {{ podman_user }}, so the
# on the host, so the webroot stays owned by {{ podman_user }} and no subuid-owned # webroot stays owned by {{ podman_user }} and no subuid-owned files appear. The
# files appear to break backups. The entrypoint rsyncs the code in with # entrypoint rsyncs the code in with --chown www-data:www-data and Apache runs its
# `--chown www-data:www-data` and Apache runs its workers as that account. # workers as that account.
UserNS=keep-id:uid={{ app_uid }},gid={{ app_gid }} UserNS=keep-id:uid={{ app_uid }},gid={{ app_gid }}
# POSTGRES_* and REDIS_HOST live here rather than as Environment= lines above: # The app's environment, read by systemd rather than by Ansible. Mode 0600,
# this unit is world-readable in ~/.config, and POSTGRES_PASSWORD is in it. Read # because POSTGRES_PASSWORD is in it and this unit file is world-readable.
# by systemd, not by Ansible, so the file has to exist before this unit starts.
#
# POSTGRES_* are what the entrypoint installs with on a fresh webroot;
# REDIS_HOST is load-bearing on every start, because the entrypoint rewrites
# PHP's session-handler config from it.
EnvironmentFile={{ env_file }} EnvironmentFile={{ env_file }}
Network={{ network_name }}.network Network={{ network_name }}.network
# The image's VOLUME and Apache document root. This is the whole installation: the # The image's VOLUME and Apache document root: the code, config.php, data/ and
# code (version.php, core/, lib/, apps/), config/config.php, data/ and # custom_apps/. The version check reads version.php from here, so an image bump
# custom_apps/. The entrypoint's own version check reads version.php from here, so # rsyncs new code in and upgrades the database in place.
# an image bump rsyncs new code into this directory and upgrades the database in
# place — see readme.md, "First run and updates".
Volume={{ host_directory }}:{{ webroot }} Volume={{ host_directory }}:{{ webroot }}
# PHP's session-handler config. The entrypoint writes this file itself on every # PHP's session config, which the entrypoint generates on every start. Without
# start, from REDIS_HOST, but it cannot create it: `/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d` is # this mount it cannot: /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d belongs to the image's root.
# created by root in the php base image with no chown, so the uid this container # See the file task in roles/nextcloud for the failure this prevents.
# runs as has no write bit on the directory. Mounting a host-owned file over the Volume={{ host_directory }}/redis-session.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/redis-session.ini
# path is what makes that write land somewhere allowed — and because the mounted
# file replaces the directory entry, the directory's ownership never comes into it.
#
# This is the one place the entrypoint writes outside the webroot. Apache's own
# runtime directories (/var/run/apache2, /var/lock/apache2, /var/log/apache2) do
# not need the same treatment: the php base image chowns them to www-data and
# chmods them 1777.
Volume={{ php_session_ini }}:{{ php_session_ini_mount }}
[Service] [Service]
Restart=always Restart=always
# A first start initialises the webroot; a start after an image bump rsyncs the # A first start initialises the webroot; a start after an image bump rsyncs code
# new code in and runs `occ upgrade` before Apache answers. Both can take minutes # and runs `occ upgrade`. Both can take minutes.
# on a large instance.
TimeoutStartSec=600 TimeoutStartSec=600
[Install] [Install]
nextcloud/roles/nextcloud/templates/nextcloud.env.j2
+5 -12
View File
@@ -1,17 +1,11 @@
# Environment for {{ container_name }}.container. # Environment for {{ container_name }}.container.
# Managed by Ansible (nextcloud/roles/nextcloud). Do not edit by hand. # Managed by Ansible (nextcloud/roles/nextcloud). Do not edit by hand.
# #
# Mode 0600 on purpose: the Quadlet unit that reads this file is world-readable, # Mode 0600: this file is read by systemd, and POSTGRES_PASSWORD is in it.
# and POSTGRES_PASSWORD is in it. Note that `podman inspect` still prints the
# resulting environment to anyone who can run podman as this user.
# #
# POSTGRES_* are what the entrypoint uses to write config.php when it installs a # POSTGRES_* are what the entrypoint installs with on a fresh webroot; on an
# fresh instance; on an instance that is already installed they only have to agree # installed instance they only have to agree with config.php. REDIS_HOST is live on
# with what config.php already carries, and nothing rewrites it. # every start — the entrypoint regenerates PHP's session config from it.
#
# REDIS_HOST is live on *every* start: the entrypoint regenerates PHP's session
# handler from it ({{ php_session_ini_mount }}), so a wrong value here shows up as
# failed logins rather than as a missing cache.
POSTGRES_DB={{ pg_database }} POSTGRES_DB={{ pg_database }}
POSTGRES_USER={{ pg_user }} POSTGRES_USER={{ pg_user }}
POSTGRES_PASSWORD={{ pg_password }} POSTGRES_PASSWORD={{ pg_password }}
@@ -19,8 +13,7 @@ POSTGRES_HOST={{ db_host }}
REDIS_HOST={{ redis_host }} REDIS_HOST={{ redis_host }}
{% if nextcloud_admin_user | length > 0 and nextcloud_admin_password | length > 0 %} {% if nextcloud_admin_user | length > 0 and nextcloud_admin_password | length > 0 %}
# Consumed only while there is no config.php, by the entrypoint's unattended # Consumed only while there is no config.php, by the entrypoint's unattended
# install. They are set in vars/default.yml; remove them from there to go back to # install. Empty by default, which leaves the setup wizard in charge.
# the web wizard on a fresh host.
NEXTCLOUD_ADMIN_USER={{ nextcloud_admin_user }} NEXTCLOUD_ADMIN_USER={{ nextcloud_admin_user }}
NEXTCLOUD_ADMIN_PASSWORD={{ nextcloud_admin_password }} NEXTCLOUD_ADMIN_PASSWORD={{ nextcloud_admin_password }}
NEXTCLOUD_TRUSTED_DOMAINS={{ host }} NEXTCLOUD_TRUSTED_DOMAINS={{ host }}
nextcloud/roles/nextcloud/templates/redis-session.ini.j2
-18
View File
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
; PHP session handler for Redis.
; Managed by Ansible (nextcloud/roles/nextcloud). Do not edit by hand.
;
; The nextcloud image writes this file itself on every start — it is how
; REDIS_HOST reaches PHP — and this file exists because that write has nowhere to
; land on its own: the image's /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d belongs to root and is
; not writable by the uid this container runs as, which makes the entrypoint exit
; before Apache ever starts. See readme.md, "The PHP session file".
;
; The contents are what the entrypoint generates for a Redis host with no
; password, so a start in which the entrypoint's own write is refused still gets
; working Redis sessions — and the entrypoint overwrites this file with its own
; version whenever it can.
session.save_handler = redis
session.save_path = "tcp://{{ redis_host }}:6379"
redis.session.locking_enabled = 1
redis.session.lock_retries = -1
redis.session.lock_wait_time = 10000
nextcloud/roles/postgres/tasks/main.yaml
+14 -35
View File
@@ -1,41 +1,21 @@
--- ---
# Attach this app's network to the shared Postgres unit. # Attach this app's network to the shared Postgres unit, and make sure the
# # database exists.
# Postgres knows nothing about its clients, exactly like Caddy: a service joins
# by dropping 50-nextcloud.conf and the shared 10-network-aliases.conf next to
# postgres.container. The canonical way to do that is the shared include below —
# it writes the same bytes every service writes, asserts that nextcloud.network
# already exists, and notifies the "Restart Postgres" handler defined in this
# role.
#
# This runs in the roles phase, which is after the register include in
# playbook.yml's pre_tasks has created nextcloud.network.
- name: Attach Nextcloud to Postgres - name: Attach Nextcloud to Postgres
ansible.builtin.include_tasks: "{{ playbook_dir }}/../postgres/roles/attach/tasks/main.yaml" ansible.builtin.include_tasks: "{{ playbook_dir }}/../postgres/roles/attach/tasks/main.yaml"
# On a first attach both drop-ins are new, so Postgres has to be recreated to # The restart that joins Postgres to nextcloud_net is a handler, so by default it
# join nextcloud_net — and that restart is a *handler*, which by default runs at # would run at the end of the play — after the app has started and failed to
# the end of the play, after the nextcloud role has already started the app. The # resolve `db`. Flushing first also applies the Caddy restart queued by the
# app would then come up before `db` resolves, fail its own readiness check, and # register pre_task. Nothing is pending on later runs.
# fail the play on a machine where nothing is actually wrong. - name: Apply the network change before starting Nextcloud
#
# Flushing applies the new drop-in before the app starts. It also flushes the
# "Restart Caddy" that the register pre_task queued, which is what attaches Caddy
# to nextcloud_net — also wanted before the app is expected to serve. On later
# runs nothing is pending and this is a no-op.
- name: Apply the Postgres network change before starting Nextcloud
ansible.builtin.meta: flush_handlers ansible.builtin.meta: flush_handlers
# The database itself. Postgres is a shared unit that ships one default database, # Postgres ships one default database and only this app knows the name of its own,
# and nothing else in this repo knows what this app's database is called — so # so on a fresh cluster the installer would otherwise fail with "database
# without this, a first run on a fresh host reaches the setup wizard (or the # nextcloud does not exist". The retry is for the restart the flush above may have
# unattended install) only to fail on "database {{ pg_database }} does not exist". # just done.
# Later runs find it and do nothing.
#
# psql runs inside the Postgres container rather than over the app network, so the
# only thing this needs is a cluster that answers. The retry loop is there because
# the flush above may have just restarted it.
- name: Check whether the {{ pg_database }} database exists - name: Check whether the {{ pg_database }} database exists
ansible.builtin.command: >- ansible.builtin.command: >-
podman exec -e PGPASSWORD={{ pg_password }} {{ postgres_container }} podman exec -e PGPASSWORD={{ pg_password }} {{ postgres_container }}
@@ -52,10 +32,9 @@
ansible.builtin.assert: ansible.builtin.assert:
that: nextcloud_db.rc == 0 that: nextcloud_db.rc == 0
fail_msg: >- fail_msg: >-
The shared Postgres container ({{ postgres_container }}) did not answer. {{ postgres_container }} did not answer. Run postgres/playbook.yml on this
Run postgres/playbook.yml on this host first: this playbook attaches to that host first — this play attaches to that cluster and creates its own database
cluster and creates its own database in it. Postgres said: in it.
{{ nextcloud_db.stderr | default('') | trim }}
- name: Create the {{ pg_database }} database - name: Create the {{ pg_database }} database
ansible.builtin.command: >- ansible.builtin.command: >-
nextcloud/vars/default.yml
+32 -76
View File
@@ -2,16 +2,10 @@
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Rootless Podman / Quadlet # Rootless Podman / Quadlet
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Duplicated on purpose from caddy/vars/default.yml: a play cannot include that # Duplicated from caddy/vars/default.yml (which also sets `host_directory` for
# file wholesale, because it also sets `host_directory` — to the Caddy data # Caddy, so it cannot be included wholesale). Keep the three in sync. Its fourth,
# directory — and every playbook defines that for itself. Keep these three in # podman_unprivileged_port_start, is not needed here: Nextcloud publishes nothing
# sync with caddy/vars/default.yml. (Its fourth, podman_unprivileged_port_start, # host-side.
# belongs to the podman tasks, which this play does not run: Nextcloud listens on
# 80 inside the container and publishes nothing host-side.)
#
# podman_user is derived from the connection: this play carries no become, so the
# Quadlet units belong to whoever Ansible connects as. Requires gather_facts (set
# in playbook.yml).
podman_user: "{{ ansible_facts['user_id'] }}" podman_user: "{{ ansible_facts['user_id'] }}"
podman_data_dir: "{{ ansible_facts['user_dir'] }}/podman-data" podman_data_dir: "{{ ansible_facts['user_dir'] }}/podman-data"
quadlet_dir: "{{ ansible_facts['user_dir'] }}/.config/containers/systemd" quadlet_dir: "{{ ansible_facts['user_dir'] }}/.config/containers/systemd"
@@ -19,118 +13,80 @@ quadlet_dir: "{{ ansible_facts['user_dir'] }}/.config/containers/systemd"
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Nextcloud # Nextcloud
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The one site-specific value: the hostname Caddy serves this instance on and the # The site's hostname: what Caddy serves, and the trusted domain for an unattended
# hostname that goes into trusted_domains when the install is unattended. # install.
host: cloud.hopsngrains.com host: cloud.hopsngrains.com
container_name: nextcloud container_name: nextcloud
unit_name: "{{ container_name }}.service" unit_name: "{{ container_name }}.service"
# Fully qualified on purpose: rootless Podman resolves short names against # Fully qualified: rootless Podman resolves short names against
# unqualified-search-registries, and there is no TTY to answer a prompt when the # unqualified-search-registries, and a unit has no TTY to answer the prompt.
# systemd unit starts.
image: docker.io/library/nextcloud:latest image: docker.io/library/nextcloud:latest
# The Quadlet file is <network_name>.network. caddy/roles/register pins the # caddy/roles/register pins the Podman network name to <network_name>_net, so the
# Podman network name to <network_name>_net (so: nextcloud.network, # file is nextcloud.network and the network is nextcloud_net.
# nextcloud_net).
network_name: "{{ container_name }}" network_name: "{{ container_name }}"
# The image's VOLUME and Apache document root — and, unlike the other services # The image's VOLUME and Apache document root, and — unlike the other services
# here, it holds the *code* as well as the state: config.php, data/, # here — the code as well as the state: config.php, data/, custom_apps/ and every
# custom_apps/ and every app's PHP file live under it. See readme.md, "What is # PHP file live under it. See readme.md, "What is state, and what is not".
# state, and what is not".
host_directory: "{{ podman_data_dir }}/{{ container_name }}" host_directory: "{{ podman_data_dir }}/{{ container_name }}"
webroot: /var/www/html webroot: /var/www/html
# The uid the *server* writes as: 33 is www-data, which owns the webroot, because # www-data. The entrypoint rsyncs the code in as this uid and Apache runs its
# the entrypoint rsyncs the code in with --chown www-data:www-data and Apache runs # workers as it, so this is the one uid to map onto the connection user.
# its workers as that account. `docker exec nextcloud id -u` reports 0 in the
# upstream image, because the entrypoint drops privileges after starting — do not
# derive the mapping from that number (docs/podman-compat-audit.md §3.2).
app_uid: 33 app_uid: 33
app_gid: 33 app_gid: 33
# The port Apache listens on inside the container, and the one Caddy proxies to. # Apache's port inside the container, and the one Caddy proxies to.
container_port: 80 container_port: 80
# PHP's session-handler config, and the one path in the image the entrypoint has
# to write to. It generates the file from REDIS_HOST on every start, but its
# target directory (`/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d`) is created by root in the php
# base image with no chown, so the uid this container runs as cannot create a file
# inside it. Mounting a host-owned file over that exact path is what gives the
# write somewhere it is allowed to land, and the template keeps the image's own
# content in it so a refused write is not fatal either. See readme.md, "The PHP
# session file".
php_conf_dir: "{{ host_directory }}/php-conf.d"
php_session_ini: "{{ php_conf_dir }}/redis-session.ini"
php_session_ini_mount: /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/redis-session.ini
# POSTGRES_* and REDIS_HOST are read by the entrypoint on every start — REDIS_HOST
# in particular rewrites PHP's session handler config — and POSTGRES_PASSWORD is in
# there, so it goes in this 0600 file rather than in the world-readable unit.
env_file: "{{ host_directory }}/nextcloud.env" env_file: "{{ host_directory }}/nextcloud.env"
# The shared Postgres unit this app attaches itself to (postgres/playbook.yml). # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# roles/postgres owns this app's drop-ins there and the "Restart Postgres" # Shared services (each its own playbook)
# handler that applies them. # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Postgres, and the alias its attach role adds.
postgres_container: postgres postgres_container: postgres
postgres_unit: "{{ postgres_container }}.service" postgres_unit: "{{ postgres_container }}.service"
db_host: db
# The database this instance uses, and the credentials for it. They have to match # The database this play creates if it is missing, and the credentials in
# whatever the shared Postgres unit was initialised with (postgres/vars/default.yml) # postgres/vars/default.yml that the cluster was initialised with.
# — this play attaches to a database, it does not create one, so the database has
# to exist before the first run.
pg_user: postgres pg_user: postgres
pg_password: '123456' pg_password: '123456'
pg_database: nextcloud pg_database: nextcloud
# `db` is the alias postgres/roles/attach adds to the shared Postgres unit, and # Valkey, and the alias its attach role adds. REDIS_HOST is not cosmetic:
# the host this instance's config.php connects to. # config.php puts `memcache.locking` on Redis, so an unresolvable `redis` breaks
db_host: db # uploads rather than merely slowing them down.
# The shared Valkey unit this app attaches itself to (valkey/playbook.yml), and
# the alias it is reached by. REDIS_HOST is not cosmetic: config.php's
# `memcache.locking` is Redis, so an unresolvable `redis` breaks uploads rather
# than merely slowing them down.
valkey_container: valkey valkey_container: valkey
valkey_unit: "{{ valkey_container }}.service" valkey_unit: "{{ valkey_container }}.service"
redis_host: redis redis_host: redis
# The shared Caddy unit and its Caddyfile, both owned by caddy/playbook.yml.
caddy_name: caddy caddy_name: caddy
caddyfile_path: "{{ podman_data_dir }}/{{ caddy_name }}/conf/Caddyfile" caddyfile_path: "{{ podman_data_dir }}/{{ caddy_name }}/conf/Caddyfile"
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# First-run install (optional) # First-run install (optional)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Leave both empty to install through the web wizard at https://{{ host }} — the # Empty by default: a fresh webroot is initialised by the image and the setup
# play reports that this is what is left to do and succeeds. Set both to have the # wizard takes over. Set both to have the image install unattended instead, with
# image install unattended on a fresh webroot instead: it runs # trusted_domains set from `host`. Inert once config.php exists.
# `occ maintenance:install` with these credentials and sets trusted_domains to
# `host` in the same pass, so the instance is usable immediately.
#
# They are only consumed while there is no config.php, so they are inert on an
# existing instance, and the environment template omits them entirely when they
# are empty (an empty NEXTCLOUD_ADMIN_USER would be treated as a value and fail
# the install).
nextcloud_admin_user: "" nextcloud_admin_user: ""
nextcloud_admin_password: "" nextcloud_admin_password: ""
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Background jobs # Background jobs
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Nextcloud wants `cron.php` every five minutes. It cannot be a crontab entry:
# root cannot `podman exec` into another user's rootless containers, and there is
# no container user to own a crontab. A systemd user timer next to the Quadlet
# units is the equivalent.
cron_unit: "{{ container_name }}-cron" cron_unit: "{{ container_name }}-cron"
cron_schedule: "*:0/5" cron_schedule: "*:0/5"
user_unit_dir: "{{ ansible_facts['user_dir'] }}/.config/systemd/user" user_unit_dir: "{{ ansible_facts['user_dir'] }}/.config/systemd/user"
# The site block. Caddy terminates TLS, and Nextcloud asks for HSTS. There is no # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# request-body limit to carry over: Caddy streams bodies and imposes none by # Caddy site block
# default. # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
snippet_block: | snippet_block: |
{{ host }} { {{ host }} {
reverse_proxy {{ container_name }}:{{ container_port }} reverse_proxy {{ container_name }}:{{ container_port }}